河南省高速公路中央分隔带土壤多环芳烃污染特征及风险评价
Pollution and Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Central Separate Belt of Expressway in Henan Province
-
摘要: 为了解高速公路中央分隔带多环芳烃(polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, PAHs)的污染现状和潜在风险，本研究采集了河南省3条高速公路中央分隔带11个样点的土壤，测定了其中16种PAHs的含量，分析了PAHs的污染特征，探讨了PAHs的生态风险。结果表明，高速公路中央分隔带土壤中PAHs总浓度范围为5 253.33~65 072 μg·kg-1，平均值为19 873.1 μg·kg-1；其中，低环PAHs占总PAHs的42.46%，高环PAHs占总PAHs的57.54%；此外，2号和7号采样点比其他9个采样点PAHs污染严重。生态风险评价结果显示，高速公路中央分隔带土壤均被PAHs污染，且72.72%的污染土壤属于中等以上生态风险。健康风险评价结果表明，高速公路中央分隔带土壤PAHs对儿童和成人均存在较大的致癌风险，主要暴露途径为皮肤接触和摄食。PAHs组分特征结合来源分析结果表明，低环PAHs主要来源于重型车的柴油燃烧；高环PAHs主要来源于小型轿车的汽油燃烧。相关性分析结果显示，大部分高速公路中央分隔带土壤中的PAHs，尤其是高环PAHs，与有机质(soil organic matter, SOM)呈显著正相关，与阳离子交换量(cation exchange capacity, CEC)、全氮(total nitrogen, TN)和pH呈显著负相关。Abstract: In order to analyze the pollution status and potential risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the central separate belt of expressways, 11 soil samples were collected from 3 expressways in Henan Province, and the amounts of 16 PAHs were determined. In addition, the pollution characteristics and ecological risk of PAHs were also evaluated. The results showed that the total PAHs content in the central separate belt of expressways soils ranged from 5 253.33 to 65 072 μg·kg-1, with a mean value of 19 873.1 μg·kg-1. Among them, low and high-ring PAHs accounted for 42.46% and 57.54%, respectively. In addition, sampling sites 2 and 7 were more polluted by PAHs than the other 9 sampling sites. The ecological risk assessment results indicated that the soils in the central separate belt of expressways are polluted by PAHs, with 72.72% of the polluted soils posing medium or higher ecological risks. The health risk assessment showed that the soil posed a greater risk of carcinogenicity to both children and adults, and the main exposure routes were skin contact and ingestion. The characteristics of PAHs component combined with the source analysis showed that low-ring PAHs are mainly from diesel engine combustion of heavy vehicles, and high-ring PAHs are from gasoline engine combustion of small cars. The correlation analysis indicated that the PAHs, especially high-ring PAHs, were significantly positively correlated with soil organic matter and negatively correlated with cation exchange capacity, total nitrogen, and pH.
-
-
Kimbrough K L,Commey S, Apeti D A, et al. Chemical contamination assessment of the Hudson-Raritan Estuary as a result of the attacks on the World Trade Center: Analysis of trace elements[J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2010, 60(12): 2289-2296 Boonyatumanond R, Wattayakorn G, Togo A, et al. Distribution and origins of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in riverine, estuarine, and marine sediments in Thailand[J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2006, 52(8): 942-956 Bućko M S, Magiera T, Johanson B, et al. Identification of magnetic particulates in road dust accumulated on roadside snow using magnetic, geochemical and micro-morphological analyses[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2011, 159(5): 1266-1276 李琦路, 吴锦涛, 张颖, 等. 新乡市机动车排放对道路灰尘中重金属与多环芳烃污染的影响[J]. 环境科学, 2019, 40(12): 5258-5264 Li Q L, Wu J T, Zhang Y, et al. Effects of vehicle emissions on heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pollution in road dust in Xinxiang[J]. Environmental Science, 2019, 40(12): 5258-5264(in Chinese)
陈亚南. 公路沿线农田土壤和玉米中多环芳烃风险评价[D]. 长春: 东北师范大学, 2019: 1-43 Chen Y N. Risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil and maize along roadside[D]. Changchun: Northeast Normal University, 2019: 1 -43(in Chinese)
段海静. 路域环境多介质PAHs污染与综合健康风险分析: 以G310和G30郑开段为例[D]. 开封: 河南大学, 2016: 1-43 Duan H J. Pollution and comprehensive health risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in roadside multiple medias: A case study of 310th national highway and 30 th highway[D]. Kaifeng: Henan University, 2016: 1-43(in Chinese)
张秀秀, 卢晓丽, 魏宇宸, 等. 城郊农田土壤多环芳烃污染特征及风险评价[J]. 环境科学, 2021, 42(11): 5510-5518 Zhang X X, Lu X L, Wei Y C, et al. Pollution characteristics and risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a suburban farmland soil[J]. Environmental Science, 2021, 42(11): 5510-5518(in Chinese)
中华人民共和国生态环境部. 土壤pH值的测定电位法: HJ 962—2018[S]. 北京: 中国环境科学出版社, 2018 中华人民共和国农业部. 土壤检测第16部分：土壤水溶性盐总量的测定: NY/T 1121.16—2006[S]. 北京: 中华人民共和国农业部, 2006 中华人民共和国环境保护部. 土壤有效磷的测定: HJ 704—2014[S]. 北京: 中国环境出版社, 2014 中华人民共和国农业部. 土壤速效钾和缓效钾含量的测定: NY/T 889—2004[S]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2005 中华人民共和国农业部. 土壤检测第6部分：土壤有机质的测定: NY/T 1121.6—2006[S]. 北京: 中华人民共和国农业部, 2006 中华人民共和国环境保护部. 土壤阳离子交换量的测定: HJ 889—2017[S]. 北京: 中国环境出版社, 2017 中华人民共和国环境保护部. 土壤质量全氮的测定凯氏法: HJ 717—2014[S]. 北京: 中国环境科学出版社, 2015 Li W H, Tian Y Z, Shi G L, et al. Concentrations and sources of PAHs in surface sediments of the Fenhe Reservoir and watershed, China[J]. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2012, 75(1): 198-206 Peng J Y, Chen Y N, Xia Q, et al. Ecological risk and early warning of soil compound pollutants (HMs, PAHs, PCBs and OCPs) in an industrial city, Changchun, China[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2021, 272: 116038 Chen Y N, Zhang J Q, Zhang F, et al. Contamination and health risk assessment of PAHs in farmland soils of the Yinma River Basin, China[J]. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2018, 156: 383-390 段海静, 蔡晓强, 陈轶楠, 等. 开封市公园地表灰尘PAHs污染与健康风险评价[J]. 环境科学学报, 2016, 36(12): 4500-4509 Duan H J, Cai X Q, Chen Y N, et al. Occurrence and health risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface dust from parks in Kaifeng, China[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2016, 36(12): 4500-4509(in Chinese)
Wang W, Huang M J, Kang Y, et al. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in urban surface dust of Guangzhou, China: Status, sources and human health risk assessment[J]. The Science of the Total Environment, 2011, 409(21): 4519-4527 Wei T Y, Simko V. R package corrplot: Visualization of a Correlation Matrix (Version 0.90)[DB/OL].[2021-12-16]. https://github.com/taiyun/corrplot 崔元, 宋蕾, 李谐, 等. 睑板腺囊肿患儿肠道菌群特征分析[J]. 第二军医大学学报, 2021, 42(12): 1388-1394 Cui Y, Song L, Li X, et al. Characteristics of intestinal flora in children withchalazion[J]. Academic Journal of Second Military Medical University, 2021, 42(12): 1388-1394(in Chinese)
Maliszewska-Kordybach B. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in agricultural soils in Poland: Preliminary proposals for criteria to evaluate the level of soil contamination[J]. Applied Geochemistry, 1996, 11(1-2): 121-127 Kibblewhite M G. Contamination of agricultural soil by urban and peri-urban highways: An overlooked priority?[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2018, 242(Pt B): 1331-1336 Chen Y N, Zhang F, Gao Q, et al. Pollution and risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in agricultural soil along a highway of Jilin Province, China[J]. Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal, 2022, 31(1): 97-114 Jiang Y F, Wang X T, Wang F, et al. Levels, composition profiles and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban soil of Shanghai, China[J]. Chemosphere, 2009, 75(8): 1112-1118 Chen M, Huang P, Chen L. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soils from Urumqi, China: Distribution, source contributions, and potential health risks[J]. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2013, 185(7): 5639-5651 Lu R, Wu J, Turco R P, et al. Naphthalene distributions and human exposure in Southern California[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2005, 39(3): 489-507 Khalili N R, Scheff P A, Holsen T M. PAH source fingerprints for coke ovens, diesel and, gasoline engines, highway tunnels, and wood combustion emissions[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 1995, 29(4): 533-542 Nikiforova E, Kosheleva N, Kasimov N. Accumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sealed soils and their environmental hazard for eastern Moscow[J]. Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds, 2021, 41(8): 1767-1783 刘殷佐, 赵静波, 王婷, 等. 机动车来源多环芳烃及其衍生物的排放特征研究进展[J]. 工程科学学报, 2021, 43(1): 10-21 Liu Y Z, Zhao J B, Wang T, et al. Research progress of emission characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their derivatives of vehicle exhaust[J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering, 2021, 43(1): 10-21(in Chinese)
Nielsen T. Traffic contribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the center of a large city[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 1996, 30(20): 3481-3490 Kong S F, Ding X, Bai Z P, et al. A seasonal study of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in PM2.5 and PM2.5-10 in five typical cities of Liaoning Province, China[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2010, 183(1-3): 70-80 杨帆, 罗红雪, 钟艳霞, 等. 宁东能源化工基地核心区表层土壤中多环芳烃的空间分布特征、源解析及风险评价[J]. 环境科学, 2021, 42(5): 2490-2501 Yang F, Luo H X, Zhong Y X, et al. Spatial distribution characteristics, source apportionment, and risk assessment of topsoil PAHs in the core area of the Ningdong energy and chemical industry base[J]. Environmental Science, 2021, 42(5): 2490-2501(in Chinese)
Shi R G, Li X H, Yang Y Y, et al. Contamination and human health risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface soils from Tianjin coastal new region, China[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2021, 268(Pt B): 115938 MacAskill N D, Walker T R, Oakes K, et al. Forensic assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons at the former Sydney Tar Ponds and surrounding environment using fingerprint techniques[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2016, 212: 166-177 Peng C, Chen W P, Liao X L, et al. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban soils of Beijing: Status, sources, distribution and potential risk[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2011, 159(3): 802-808 Wang Y, Wang S R, Luo C L, et al. The effects of rice canopy on the air-soil exchange of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and organochlorine pesticides using paired passive air samplers[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2015, 200: 35-41 Dreij K, Lundin L, Le Bihanic F, et al. Polycyclic aromatic compounds in urban soils of Stockholm City: Occurrence, sources and human health risk assessment[J]. Environmental Research, 2020, 182: 108989 Evans M, Davies M, Janzen K, et al. PAH distributions in sediments in the oil sands monitoring area and western Lake Athabasca: Concentration, composition and diagnostic ratios[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2016, 213: 671-687 Liu S, Liu X R, Liu M, et al. Levels, sources and risk assessment of PAHs in multi-phases from urbanized river network system in Shanghai[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2016, 219: 555-567 Wang X T, Miao Y, Zhang Y, et al. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in urban soils of the megacity Shanghai: Occurrence, source apportionment and potential human health risk[J]. The Science of the Total Environment, 2013, 447: 80-89 Agarwal T, Khillare P S, Shridhar V, et al. Pattern, sources and toxic potential of PAHs in the agricultural soils of Delhi, India[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2009, 163(2-3): 1033-1039 Duan Y H, Shen G F, Tao S, et al. Characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in agricultural soils at a typical coke production base in Shanxi, China[J]. Chemosphere, 2015, 127: 64-69 Wang C H, Wu S H, Zhou S L, et al. Characteristics and source identification of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in urban soils: A review[J]. Pedosphere, 2017, 27(1): 17-26 Bucheli T D, Blum F, Desaules A, et al. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, black carbon, and molecular markers in soils of Switzerland[J]. Chemosphere, 2004, 56(11): 1061-1076 Liu C Y, Huang Z F, Qadeer A, et al. The sediment-water diffusion and risk assessment of PAHs in different types of drinking water sources in the Yangtze River Delta, China[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2021, 309: 127456 -
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 1291
- HTML全文浏览数: 1291
- PDF下载数: 92
- 施引文献: 0
下载:
