溶解态黑碳的来源、理化性质及环境效应
Sources, Physicochemical Properties and Environmental Effects of Dissolved Black Carbon
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摘要: 黑碳是生物质与化石燃料不完全燃烧的产物,在环境介质中广泛存在,因其具有吸附、固碳、氧化还原等物理化学作用而备受关注。溶解态黑碳平均分子量约为1~10 kDa,O/C值约为0.5~0.8,含有丰富的芳香微域结构和极性基团。溶解态黑碳可作为环境污染物的重要吸附载体,影响污染物在环境中的分配传输和生物利用度。因其结构中含有大量酚类、醌类等基团,溶解态黑碳可作为电子传递载体或反应物参与污染物的氧化还原过程。此外,溶解态黑碳具有光化学活性,其产生·OH、1O2和3DBC*的表观量子产率分别约为(6~14)×10-5,(3.4~5.5)×10-2和(4~7.5)×10-2,可通过光敏化作用影响有机污染物的光化学转化。本文基于大量文献调研,较系统地回顾梳理了有关溶解态黑碳的来源与赋存、理化性质和环境效应等方面的研究进展,并对未来研究做出评论和展望,旨在促进考虑溶解态黑碳影响污染物转化规律的相关研究。Abstract: Black carbon is the product of incomplete combustion biomass and fossil fuels, and widely distributed in the environmental. It has been concerned due to its physical chemical effects such as adsorption, carbon sequestration, and oxidation-reduction. The average molecular weight of dissolved black carbon (DBC) is about 1~10 kDa, and the O/C value is about 0.5~0.8. It contains abundant aromatic microdomain structure and polar groups. As an important adsorptive carrier of environmental pollutants, DBC can significantly affects the distribution, transport, and bioavailability of pollutants in the environment. The structure of DBC molecular contains a large number of phenols, quinone and other groups, which can be used as electron transport carriers or reactants to participate in the oxidation-reduction process of pollutants. Furthermore, DBC can mediate the phototransformation of organic pollutants through photosensitization, and the apparent quantum yields of·OH, 1O2, and 3DBC* photoinduced by DBC are about (6~14)×10-5, (3.4~5.5)×10-2 and (4~7.5)×10-2, respectively. This review summaries the research progress of DBC sources and occurrence, physicochemical properties and environmental effects, which provides comments and perspectives on the future study of DBC impacts on the transport and transformation of pollutants.
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Key words:
- dissolved black carbon /
- photochemical activity /
- adsorption /
- electron transfer /
- photosensitization
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