负载型纳米零价铁对蛋白核小球藻的毒性研究
Toxicity of Supported Nanoscale Zero-valent Iron on Green Alga Chlorella pyrenoidosa
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摘要: 负载型纳米零价铁不仅能够克服单一纳米零价铁（nanoscale zero-valent iron，nZVI）不稳定、易团聚等缺点，还能提高污染物的去除效率，因此被认为是一类具有广泛应用前景的高效环境修复材料。然而，纳米零价铁及其复合材料在应用过程中可进入环境，对环境及生态系统存在潜在风险。因此，为充分评估其应用对水环境的潜在危害，本文以蛋白核小球藻为受试生物，研究了负载型纳米零价铁（supported nanoscale zero-valent iron）D201-ZVI的藻类毒性及其影响因素。结果表明，负载型D201-ZVI可以显著降低nZVI生物毒性，在pH=6～10的范围内毒性效应会随pH的增加而减弱，共存污染物Cr（Ⅵ）及磺胺甲噁唑（sulfamethoxazole，SMX）均会增加D201-ZVI对蛋白核小球藻的生长抑制作用。D201-ZVI在环境中的老化作用可以减弱其生物毒性，且其毒性作用会随着暴露时间的延长而逐渐消失。D201-ZVI是一种对生物及环境安全友好的新型材料。Abstract: Nanoscale zero-valent iron loaded polymer-based composites (D201-ZVI) is regarded as a high-efficient material for environmental remediation. D201-ZVI dramatically overcomes disadvantages of agglomeration and unstable physicochemical property and significantly improves the pollutant removal efficiency, compared with nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI). However, the application of nZVI and its composites may pose potential risks to the environment and ecosystem. This study is aimed to assess these potential risks by using Chlorella pyrenoidosa. The algae toxicity and its influencing factors of D201-ZVI were also discussed. The results showed that D201-ZVI could significantly reduce the biological toxicity of bare ZVI. And its toxic effect could weaken with the increase of pH in the range from 6 to 10. The presence of the coexisting pollutants Cr(Ⅵ) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) could increase its inhibition on Chlorella pyrenoidosa. The aging effect of D201-ZVI could weaken its biological toxicity, and its toxic effect gradually disappeared with the extension of exposure time. In summary, we propose D201-ZVI as a green novel material that is safe and environmentally friendly to our ecosystem.
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