摘要:
大部分的都市办公人群每天在办公室至少度过8 h。而室外环境的渗透、办公室内吸烟、办公设备使用和中央通风系统均可能导致细颗粒物及多环芳烃(PAHs)在室内积聚而造成微环境污染。2015年5-6月,在广州市3种不同功能区(商住区、高新产业区、工业区)共选取了14间不同类型的办公室,对其室内外PM2.5和多环芳烃进行同步监测。结果表明,(1)14间中有12间办公室内的PM2.5浓度水平高于世界卫生组织(WHO)的推荐值25 μg·m-3;(2)与国内外类似研究相比,办公室内外∑16PAHs及BaP-eq的监测浓度水平均较低,并呈现一致规律:文印>室外>吸烟>多人>单人>无窗(无人),其中BaP-eq低于欧盟规定的安全限值1 ng m-3;(3)文印工作和吸烟行为与室内PM2.5和PAHs浓度升高有密切关系,分别对5环和4环PAHs贡献明显;(4)其他无明显内源的办公室的细颗粒中PAHs污染在监测期间主要来源于室外贡献。
关键词:
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PM2.5
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多环芳烃
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室内
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办公室
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文印
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吸烟
Abstract:
As office people spend at least 8 h per day on weekdays in indoor office ambience, the exposure to harmful indoor air pollutants that may be released from outdoor by infiltration, indoor smoking, office working instrument and central ventilation systems, has been increasingly considered as an issue for the protection of human health. Simultaneous indoor and outdoor monitoring of PM2.5 and PM2.5-bound PAHs in fourteen offices in three urban areas (commercial and residential zone, high-tech industrial zone, manufactory zone) in Guangzhou was performed from May to June, 2015. The results showed that (1) PM2.5 concentrations of most of studied offices (12 out of 14) were higher than WHO recommended standard value (25 μg·m-3); (2) Relative low concentrations of ∑16PAHs and BaP-eq indoor and outdoor (<1 ng m-3) were found, if compared to former reported values in other cities. Significant differences were also observed in target PAHs concentrations and Bap-eq values of different kinds of indoor conditions, with the same trend as followings, photocopy rooms >outdoor>smoking offices>multi-users offices>single-user offices>window-closed offices; (3) Photocopy (or printing) and smoking were found to be highly relative to the increase of PM2.5 and PAHs, and contributed 5-rings PAHs and 4-rings PAHs, respectively; (4) PM2.5-bound PAHs in the offices without significant indoor sources were mainly from the outdoor air infiltration.
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