摘要:
宣威煤燃烧排放产物与其所导致的肺癌高发率一直是国际学术界关注的热点，但煤燃烧排放颗粒物中的关键致毒组分还不清楚。以肺癌高发区产出的晚二叠世C1煤燃烧排放不同粒径颗粒物为研究对象，分析其中主要有害有机污染物多环芳烃(PAHs)的分布特征及其健康风险。结果表明宣威煤燃烧排放的颗粒物中16种PAHs的总质量浓度为77 359.21 ng·m-3，其中含量最高的是苯并(g,h,i)苝，其他主要的PAHs依此为：屈、苯并(b)荧蒽、苯并(a)蒽、荧蒽、二苯并(a,h)蒽、菲、苯并(k)荧蒽、茚并(1,2,3-cd)芘；强致癌化合物苯并a芘(BaP)总浓度亦可达到10 060.13 ng·m-3；这些有害有机物主要分布在细颗粒物中；不同粒径颗粒物的毒性当量存在明显差异，细颗粒的毒性当量占可吸入颗粒物中PAHs总毒性当量的87.4%，远高于粗颗粒(12%)和超细颗粒物(0.4%)的毒性当量。
关键词:
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多环芳烃
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宣威煤
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健康风险
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毒性当量
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云南
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煤燃烧
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颗粒物
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肺癌
Abstract:
The high lung cancer incidence caused by pollutants emitted from Xuanwei coal combustion is a hot topic in related research areas. However, key factors for the explanation of higher Xuanwei lung cancer incidence are still not clear now. In this study, size-resolved particles emitted from Xuanwei C1 coal combustion were collected. Distribution of PAHs absorbed in the particles were measured and their health risk assessment was carried out by using of toxic equivalent quantity (TEQ) model. Our result showed that the total mass concentration of 16 kinds of PAHs in particles emitted from Xuanwei C1 coal combustion was 77 359.21 ng·m-3. Among the measured PAHs, benzo(g, h, i)perylene was the highest, and followed by chrysene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, fluoranthene, dibenz(a, h)anthracene, phenanthrene, benzo(k)fluoranthene, and indeno(1, 2, 3-cd)pyrene. Benzo(a)pyrene, which was considered to be one of the most toxic PAH, could be found as 10 060.13 ng·m-3 in the size-resolved particles. The PAHs mainly distributed in the fine particles. The toxic equivalent quantity (TEQ) of PAHs in different size particles was significant different. The proportion of TEQ in fine particles was 87.4%, which was much higher than coarse particles (12%) and ultrafine particles (0.4%).
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