脱水红霉素对蛋白核小球藻的生态毒性效应研究
Ecotoxicological Effects of Dehydroerythromycin on Chlorella pyrenlidosa
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摘要: 脱水红霉素是环境中普遍存在的一种大环内酯类抗生素，其生态毒性效应尚不明确。因此，以蛋白核小球藻(Chlorella pyrenlidosa)为受试生物，研究了脱水红霉素对绿藻的生长、叶绿素a含量、抗氧化酶活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量的影响。结果表明，脱水红霉素对蛋白核小球藻的生长具有抑制作用，且随暴露浓度的升高而增强。脱水红霉素对蛋白核小球藻的96 h比生长率半数抑制浓度(ErC50)和生长量半数抑制浓度(EyC50)分别为0.267和0.117 mmol·L-1，属于中-低毒物质。脱水红霉素暴露对蛋白核小球藻的叶绿素a含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和MDA含量具有重要影响。叶绿素a含量随脱水红霉素浓度升高而降低；SOD酶活性升高，但与脱水红霉素浓度之间不存在剂量效应关系，CAT酶活性和MDA含量随脱水红霉素升高而升高，说明脱水红霉素对蛋白核小球藻具有氧化胁迫效应。暴露96 h后，藻液中脱水红霉素的去除率随其初始浓度增加而增加，在脱水红霉素初始浓度为0.87 mmol·L-1时，其去除率可达到43%。研究结果可为脱水红霉素的生态风险评估提供理论依据。Abstract: Dehydroerythromycin (DERY) is a common macrolide antibiotic, which is ubiquitous in aquatic environment. However, its ecotoxicological effects are still not clear. Therefore, the effects of DERY on the growth, chlorophyll a, antioxidant enzyme activities and malonaldehyde (MDA) content of Chlorella pyrenlidosa were investigated in this paper. The results showed that DERY inhibited the growth of C. pyrenlidosa, and the inhibitive effect increased with the increase of DERY concentration. The 96 h median effective concentration of DERY on the specific growth rate (ErC50) and yield (EyC50) of C. pyrenlidosa were 0.267 and 0.117 mmol·L-1, respectively. DERY was classified as medium to low toxic substance. DERY showed important effects on the chlorophyll a content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities and MDA concentration. The concentration of chlorophyll a decreased with the increase of DERY concentration. SOD activities increased during DERY exposure, but no dose-response relationship with the DERY concentration was observed; CAT activities and MDA content increased with the increase of DERY concentration, which demonstrated that DERY showed oxidative stress on C. pyrenlidosa. After exposed for 96 h, the removal of DERY in algae solution increased with the increase of its initial concentration, with the removal of 43% at DERY concentration of 0.87 mmol·L-1. The results could provide theoretical basis for the ecological risk assessment of DERY.
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