雾霾期北京大气中多环芳烃污染特征及暴露风险评估

曹蓉; 张海军; 耿柠波; 高媛; 陈吉平

doi:10.7524/AJE.1673-5897.20180601001

1. 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所, 中国科学院分离分析化学重点实验室, 大连 116023;

2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

作者简介: 曹蓉(1990-),女,博士研究生,研究方向为环境化学,E-mail:caorong@dicp.ac.cn

通讯作者: 陈吉平, E-mail: chenjp@dicp.ac.cn

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目(21607152)；国家自然科学基金项目(91643104)

中图分类号: X171.5

Haze Influenced the Concentration, Profile and Human Exposure Effects of Atmospheric PAHs in Urban Area of Beijing

1. CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China;

2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Corresponding author: Chen Jiping, chenjp@dicp.ac.cn

Fund Project:

摘要: 雾霾对我国尤其是华北平原地区造成了极大的困扰，其发生常以颗粒物浓度急剧增长为特征，给人群健康带来了极大的风险。为进一步阐释雾霾的形成过程及其健康效应，在冬季雾霾期对北京城区大气颗粒态及气态中18种多环芳烃(PAHs)进行了连续测定，同步监测颗粒物、痕量气体污染物以及气象参数的变化，并对PAHs的浓度、组成、气粒分配等大气行为以及其与气象因素的作用机制进行了探讨。北京城区大气气相和颗粒物相中ΣPAHs浓度分别为585 ng·m^-3和705 ng·m^-3。雾霾发生时，PM_2.5浓度升高了3.6倍，PAHs浓度升高了2.6倍，18种PAHs同系物的浓度均随PM_2.5的浓度线性增加，其线性相关性受PAHs来源以及氧化活性的影响；夜间较重质量数的PAHs相对比例增加，主要受日间交通源以及夜间燃烧源贡献强度影响。受颗粒物组成以及湿度的影响，雾霾天气下PAHs颗粒相分配率降低。进一步评估了北京城区人群的PAHs吸入健康效应，冬季雾霾频繁发生下其对人群癌症风险为6.2×10^-5。

Abstract: Frequent occurrence of haze events posed a threat to people living in North China Plain during the winter time. Haze episodes are often accompanied with sharp accumulation of PM_2.5. To further elucidate the evolution of haze events and health risk caused by the haze, a continuous monitoring of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in particle and gas phase in urban areas of Beijing was conducted during the wintertime of 2014. The concentration of particulate matter, trace gas pollutants, and meteorological parameters were synchronously monitored. The average concentration of atmospheric PAHs during the wintertime were 585 ng·m^-3 and 705 ng·m^-3 in the gas phase and particulate matter, respectively. During the haze episodes, the concentration of PM_2.5 increased by a factor of 3.6, and ΣPAHs increased by a factor of 2.6; the concentration of 18 individual PAH homologue poses a linearly elevation with the increase of PM_2.5. The correlation coefficient between the concentrations of PAH homologues and PM_2.5 are influenced by the origin and oxidative activity of PAHs. The diurnal variation of PAHs composition, characterized by higher relative content of heavier PAHs, can be explained by the source contribution of traffic sources during the daytime and heating activities during the nighttime in Beijing urban areas. During haze episodes, the gas-particle partition behavior of PAHs have changed with the lower partition rate in the particle phase, which could be attributed to the variations of particle composition and the influence of higher relative humidity. Furthermore, the cancer risk associated with PAHs by inhalation exposure was 6.2×10^-5 during the wintertime of Beijing.

Key words:

雾霾期北京大气中多环芳烃污染特征及暴露风险评估

通讯作者: 陈吉平, E-mail: chenjp@dicp.ac.cn

作者简介: 曹蓉(1990-),女,博士研究生,研究方向为环境化学,E-mail:caorong@dicp.ac.cn
1. 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所, 中国科学院分离分析化学重点实验室, 大连 116023;

2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

收稿日期: 2018-06-01

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目(21607152)；国家自然科学基金项目(91643104)

关键词:

Haze Influenced the Concentration, Profile and Human Exposure Effects of Atmospheric PAHs in Urban Area of Beijing

Corresponding author: Chen Jiping, chenjp@dicp.ac.cn

1. CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China;

2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received Date: 2018-06-01

Fund Project:

Keywords:

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