水体突发污染事件的在线生物监测技术研究进展
A Review on the Online Biomonitoring Technology for Water Pollution Incidents
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摘要: 水体突发性污染事件的污染方式具有多样性,污染物种类具有复杂性。水体突发污染事件的特征决定在线生物监测的难度。结合受试生物种类和生物生理生态指标的不同,综合分析了已经报道的水体污染在线生物监测技术。根据统计分析结果,已经报道的水体突发性污染在线生物监测技术主要分为:基于生物行为变化的在线生物监测技术、基于生物生理变化的在线生物监测技术和基于综合生物指标的在线生物监测技术3类。在不同生物种类和生理生态指标分析基础上,对不同在线生物监测技术的基本原理和优缺点进行分析,也对不同在线生物监测技术存在的缺点提出解决的主要方案,为水体突发污染事件监测分析提供支持,以满足水体突发污染事件的在线监测和应急管理需求。Abstract: The pollution pattern diversity and the pollutant complexity decided the difficulty of the online biomonitoring of water pollution incidents. The reported online biomonitoring technologies using physio-ecological changes were statistically analyzed. At present, the online biomonitoring technologies were made up of three kinds of physio-ecological parameters: behavior responses, physiological changes and the combined biological characteristics. The principles and the advantages of different technologies were investigated, and the disadvantages were discussed to propose the main solutions in order to support the monitoring of water pollution incidents and satisfy the requirement of the emergency management.
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