摘要:
为评价吡唑醚菌酯对鱼类不同生命阶段的毒性效应,以斑马鱼(Brachydanio rerio)为测试生物,测定了其对斑马鱼胚胎、仔鱼(孵化3 d和孵化12 d)和成鱼的急性毒性及对胚胎和仔鱼(孵化3 d)的发育毒性。结果表明,吡唑醚菌酯对斑马鱼胚胎、仔鱼(孵化3 d)、仔鱼(孵化12 d)和成鱼的96 h-LC50分别为0.0578(0.0540~0.0631)、0.0299(0.0282~0.0320)、0.0330(0.0310~0.0350)和0.0756(0.0692~0.0862) mg·L-1,其毒性大小依次为仔鱼(孵化3 d) > 仔鱼(孵化12 d) > 胚胎 > 成鱼。与对照组相比,吡唑醚菌酯0.101 mg·L-1处理,可对斑马鱼胚胎24 h自主运动产生显著抑制作用;0.0609、0.0777和0.101 mg·L-1处理,可对斑马鱼胚胎48 h心跳速率产生显著抑制作用;0.0609和0.0777 mg·L-1处理,可对斑马鱼胚胎96 h孵化仔鱼体长产生显著抑制作用。在供试浓度下吡唑醚菌酯暴露96 h后,均可对斑马鱼仔鱼(孵化3 d)体重和体长产生明显的抑制效应,对斑马鱼仔鱼(孵化3 d)心跳未产生明显影响。在高浓度下,吡唑醚菌酯可诱导斑马鱼胚胎产生畸形,主要包括心包水肿、卵黄囊水肿等;而对仔鱼(孵化3 d)未观察到明显的致畸效应。
关键词:
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吡唑醚菌酯
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斑马鱼
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胚胎
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仔鱼
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毒性
Abstract:
In order to assess the toxicity effects of pyraclostrobin to different life stages of fish, zebrafish (Brachydanio rerio) during embryo, larvae (hatched 3 days and hatched 12 days) and adult stages were selected to evaluate the acute toxicity as well as the development effects. The results showed that the 96 h-LC50 values of pyraclostrobin to embryos, larvae (hatched 3 days), larvae (hatched 12 days) and adult of zebrafish were 0.0578(0.0540-0.0631), 0.0299(0.0282-0.0320), 0.0330(0.0310-0.0350) and 0.0756(0.0692-0.0862) mg·L-1, respectively. The toxicity of pyraclostrobin to four different life stages of zebrafish as follows: larvae (hatched 3 days) > larvae (hatched 12 days) > embryo > adult fish. Compared with control groups, the spontaneous movements of 24 hpf embryos was significantly decreased by pyraclostrobin at concentration of 0.101 mg·L-1. The heart beat of the embryos was significantly inhibited by 0.0609, 0.0777 and 0.101 mg·L-1 pyraclostrobin at 48 hpf. Furthermore, 0.0609 and 0.0777 mg·L-1 pyraclostrobin could significantly reduce body length of hatched larvae at 96 hpf. At the higher test concentrations, pyraclostrobin induced a suite of morphological abnormalities during the embryonic development, including pericardial edema, yolk sac edema and melanin reduction. However, pyraclostrobin did not induce apparent abnormities in larvae (hatched 3 days).