摘要:
为了研究镍(Ni2+)对不同种类跳虫的毒性效应，将曲毛裸长䖴(Sinella curviseta)、四刺泡角䖴(Ceratophysella duplicispinosa)、小原等节䖴(Proisotoma minuta)、茉莉花长角䖴(Entomobrya sp.)、符氏直棘䖴(Orthonychiurus folsomi)5种中国优势跳虫物种，在琼脂培养基环境下分别暴露于Ni2+的8个浓度组中进行24 h、72 h-LC50急性毒性试验和28 d生存试验。利用Bliss法测得其5种跳虫的24 h-LC50分别为52.99、35.91、33.46、23.72、13.50 g·L-1；72 h-LC50为46.25、4.54、13.37、14.79、4.35 g·L-1。在28 d生存试验中得到成虫存活数量和繁殖情况。结果表明，5种跳虫中曲毛裸长䖴对镍有较强的耐受性，茉莉花长角䖴和小原等节䖴次之，四刺泡角䖴和符氏直棘䖴较弱。符氏直棘䖴与四刺泡角䖴相比，随时间增加对镍的耐受性有相对增强的趋势。此外，Ni2+对跳虫的毒性影响表现出阶段性的阈值效应。Ni2+对5种跳虫的繁殖均有抑制作用。
Abstract:
To study the toxic effects of nickel salt (Ni2+) on diverse species of Collembola, five Chinese dominant species of collembolans, Sinella curviseta, Ceratophysella duplicispinosa, Proisotoma minuta, Entomobrya sp. and Orthonychiurus folsomi were exposed to agar media with eight concentrations of Ni2+ for 24 h, 72 h-LC50 measurements respectively. The LC50 values for S. curviseta, C. duplicispinosa, P. minuta, Entomobrya sp. and O. folsomi were tested and calculated with Bliss method. The results for 24 h-LC50 were 52.99, 35.91, 33.46, 23.72 and 13.50 g·L-1, while the corresponding 72 h-LC50 values were 46.25, 4.54, 13.37,14.79, and 4.35 g·L-1. We also exposed the five species of collembolans to eight concentrations of Ni2+ for 28 d survival experiment. In conclusion, S. curviseta shows the highest tolerance against Ni2+, followed by Entomobrya sp. and P. minuta, while C. duplicispinosa and O. folsomi rank last. Compared with Ceratophysella duplicispinosa, Orthonychiurus folsomi exhibited a tendency of enhancing its resistance against Ni2+ over time. Furthermore, for each species, Ni2+ only exhibits toxicity within a specific range of concentration. Lastly, Ni2+ inhibits the reproduction of all five species.
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