持久性有机污染物环境多介质空间分异模型研究进展
Advances in Spatially Explicit Environmental Multimedia Fate Models of POPs
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摘要: 环境多介质空间分异模型能够对持久性有机污染物(POPs)在环境多个介质中空间尺度上的迁移转化和分配过程进行准确、细致和接近真实的描述,是进行POPs的环境多介质归趋模拟和环境风险评价的重要工具。将环境多介质空间分异模型分为环境多介质质量平衡空间区划模型和大气化学传输模型,对目前几种常用的环境多介质空间分异模型GLOBO-POP、CliMoChem、BETR、IMPACT2002、G-CIEMS、MSCE-POP和DEHM-POP模型的基本情况进行了介绍,并分析了这些模型近十年来在国内外的开发和应用情况。对当前国内外环境多介质空间分异模型研究中存在的不足进行了分析,指出监测手段的落后、基础环境参数的不足和实验数据的稀缺是制约国内此类模型发展的主要因素,并对环境多介质空间分异模型的开发和应用前景进行了展望。Abstract: Spatially explicit environmental multimedia fate models are used to give an accurate,detailed and distinct description of the transport,transformation and partition of POPs in multimedia.They are important tools in simulating the fate and assessing the risk of POPs.The spatial explicit multimedia models were divided into mass balance models and atmospheric transport models.Several currently available spatial explicit multimedia models such as GLOBO-POP,CliMoChem,BETR,IMPACT 2002,G-CIEMS,MSCE-POP and DEHM-POPs were compared based on the literature research.Development and the applications in domestic and abroad over the past decade of the models are reviewed,and the present situations in the development of this kind of models in China are analyzed.It is pointed out that the lack of measurable data and environmental parameters is a major factor restricting the development of the models.And the prospects of spatial explicit multimedia models are also proposed.
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