粉煤灰渗滤系统处理城市非点源污染物效果评估
Removal of urban nonpoint source pollutants by the infiltration system packed with fly ash
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摘要: 对粉煤灰介质渗滤系统处理城市非点源污染物的效果进行了研究.吸附实验表明粉煤灰对氨氮和磷酸盐具有良好的吸附能力.渗滤系统对雨水径流污染处理采用室内小试的方式进行，在70 d内共模拟33次雨水负荷，期间渗滤装置对溶解有机碳（DOC）的平均去除率为88.1%，总氮（TN）的平均去除率为41.0%，氨氮（NH0-N）平均去除率为95.5%，总磷（TP）去除率为81.0%，符合城市非点源污染控制的实践要求.污染物去除主要以吸附过程为主，有机物、氨氮、磷的去除主要发生在渗滤柱表层的0—10 cm，硝化-反硝化主要发生在0—40 cm之间.滤层高度可以从130 cm适当减小为100 cm.吸附动力学表明粉煤灰对氨氮的吸附在3 h达到平衡，对磷酸盐的吸附平衡时间为6 h.微生物对渗滤系统的影响需要进一步研究，随着运行时间的延长，微生物效应将得以体现，污染物的去除效果可能会进一步提高.Abstract: Removal effect of urban nonpoint source pollutants by the infiltration system packed with fly ash was evaluated. The adsorption experiment showed that fly ash worked well in adsorbing ammonium and phosphorus. The infiltration system was operated by loading simulated rainfall runoff in lab-scale with 33 rainfall events in 70 days. It presented removal efficiencies of 88.1% for dissolved total carbon, 41.0% for total nitrogen, 95.5% for ammonium, and 81.0% for phosphorus during pollutants loading with 33 rainfall runoff events. The results indicated that the infiltration system packed with fly ash could be used for urban nonpoint source pollutants control. The removal of organic matters, ammonium and phosphorus mainly occurred in 0-10 cm of infiltration layer while nitrogen removal occurred in 0-40 cm layer. Therefore, the layer depth could be changed from 130 cm to 100 cm. Adsorption kinetics indicated that the equilibrium for ammonium and phosphorus sorption reached in 3 h and 6 h, respectively. However, the role of microorganisms should be further identified in the future study with optimized operational conditions.
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Key words:
- nonpoint source pollution /
- infiltration /
- fly ash
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